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President César Gaviria Trujillo – co-president (Colombia)
C.Gaviria
César Gaviria Trujillo graduated in economy from Universidad de Los Andes in the 1960s. He entered politics early: from 1970 to 1976 he worked in the government of his city, soon to become Vice-Minister of Economic Development during the administration of Julio César Ayala (1978-1982). In 1983 he became president of Congress. From 1986 to 1987 he was Minister of Finance and then became Minister of the Government. He was elected President of Colombia and governed between 1990 and 1994. After his administration in the Presidency, Gaviria was elected Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS) and was re-elected in 1999. During his ten years heading the Organization, he strove to defend the democratic process in the Americas. Between November, 2002 and May, 2003 was outstanding in his mediation efforts between Hugo Chávez and the opposition in Venezuela. When he returned to Colombian politics, César Gaviria became the National Director of his party, the Liberal Party.
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President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León – co-president (Mexico)
E.Zedillo
Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León studied in public schools and later graduated in economy from the National Polytechnic Institute in 1972. He pursued an academic career, teaching at the same institute where he had studied, until 1974 when he began his master’s course and then his PhD at Yale University.In 1978 he was invited to work as a researcher at Banco de México, the Mexican central bank, where he was hired in 1982 as assistant manager. He began a career ascent that led him to the presidency of his country in 1994. Having as his signature the modernization of the Mexican economy and the struggle for democratic values, Zedillo governed for six years without witnessing major disturbances or periods of political instability.Since he left the Mexican government, Zedillo has dedicated himself to studies on globalization as professor and director of the Center of Globalization Studies at Yale. He has also worked with the UN numerous times. He is a member of the Trade Commission of the Millennium Project.
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President Fernando Henrique Cardoso – co-president (Brazil)
FHC-Comissão
Fernando Henrique Cardoso was Senator, Minister of Foreign Relations, Minister of Finance and President of Brazil for two terms (1995-2002). A Doctor in Sociology and professor at the University of São Paulo, he was president of the International Association of Sociology and visiting professor at the universities of California, Berkeley, Collège de France, Paris, Stanford, Cambridge, Paris-Nanterre, FLACSO, ILPES and CEPAL, in Santiago, Chile. Among his most recent functions, most notable are his presidency of the Club of Madrid (2003/06), of the Panel of Eminent Persons on United Nations-Civil Society Relations (2003/04) and of the UN Panel for Revitalization of UNCTAD (2005/06). President of the Fernando Henrique Cardoso Institute, he was professor-at-large at the Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University, USA.
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Ana Maria Romero de Campero (Bolivia)
A.Campero
Born in La Paz, Ana Maria Romero de Campero made journalism her vocation. She was a reporter, editor, chronicler, international correspondent, columnist and director of the newspaper Presencia for seven years. Among other accolades throughout the course of her 30 year career as a journalist, she received the National Journalism Award, the Balliván Foundation Award, the Bautista Saavedra medal for the Defense of Public Interests, the Press Workers Syndicate medal for her defense of Democracy in 1979 and the medal of the Interim Constitutional Government, which she was part of. She was named by Congress as the first Ombudsman (Defensora del Pueblo) of Bolivia (1998-2003). Her work in that area won her recognition both in her country and abroad. Among the latest ones were her candidature for the Nobel Peace Prize of 2005 along with 1000 other women from around the world; the Legion of Honor of France and the German Bartelsmann Foundation Award for her contribution to democracy and to the State of Law. She was co-founder and president of the Circle of Woman Journalists, of the Journalists’ Association of La Paz and the National Press Association. She was also Secretary General of UCLAP and Vice-president of the International Newspaper Federation. She was co-founder and the first president of the Andean Council of Ombudsman. Since 2004 she has directed the UNIR Bolivia Foundation (www.unirbolivia.org). She works in building peace through the initiatives of dialog, peaceful conflict negotiation, information and deliberation. She has published Ni todos ni tan Santos, Crónicas sobre el poder, País Intimo and Cables Cruzados (a novel).
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General Alberto Cardoso (Brazil)
A.Cardoso
General Alberto Cardoso was Chief Institutional Cabinet Minister of the Presidency of Brazil. He was head of information service, consolidated public security policy and was in charge of combating narcotraffic, as well as advising President Fernando Henrique Cardoso. He was also responsible for the security of the President.
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Antanas Mockus (Colombia)
 Born in Bogotá, Colombia. Ex-mayor of Bogotá, popularly elected for two terms: 1995-1997/2001-2003. Currently he is president of Corporación Visionários por Colômbia(Corpovisionarios), a non-profit organization created to work on public policies specially focused on consolidating and transforming citizenship conduct. Ex-Dean of the National University of Colombia from 1991-1993. Academic ex-Vice-Dean of the National University from 1988-1991. Professor and researcher for the College of Sciences at the National University of Colombia since 1973. He earned his master’s degree in philosophy from the National University in 1988 and his master’s in Mathematical Sciences from the Université de Dijon in France in 1972. He was director of the Federici Group for investigation and epistemology created in the 1970s at the College of Sciences at the National University of Colombia. He was a Robert F. Kennedy guest professor at Harvard University and visiting professor at the David Rockefeller Center for American Studies during the second semester of 2004, as well as a visiting researcher of Nuffield College at Oxford University during the first semester of 2005. He received an honorary doctorate degree from the National University of Colombia in September, 2006.
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Diego García Sayán (Peru)
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D.Sayán
Diego Garcia Sayán graduated in Liberal Arts and Law from the Catholic Pontifícia University of Peru. He has had a long professional career in academia and politics. He is currently Judge and Vice-president of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. He is also a member of the National Group of the Permanent Court of Arbitration of Haia. During the democratic transition in Peru (2000-2001) he was Minister of Justice of President Valentin Paniagua. Later he became Minister of Foreign Relations. He was also a member of Congress of the Republic of Peru and carried out missions for the Secretary General of the United Nations and for the Organization of American States. He was a university professor in Peru and a visiting professor at the Université de Paris III and at the Washington College of Law at the American University. He is the author of various publications on international and legal issues, and also those referring to the problem of narcotraffic.
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Enrique Krauze (Mexico)
E.Krauze
Enrique Krauze graduated in 1969 in Industrial Engineering from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, soon receiving his doctorate in history at the Colégio de México. Since then he has pursued an academic career as a teacher, while simultaneously dedicating himself to research at theColégio de México and St. Anthony’s College, Oxford.From 1977 to 1996 he worked for the magazine Vuelta, where he became assistant director in 1981. He is the founder ofEditorial Clío and of the cultural magazine Letras Libres, as well as being a member of the Patronage of the Cervantes Institute and of the Directors Council of Televisa. Enrique Krauze has many published works, notably the booksCaudillos culturales en la Revolución mexicana (1976), Biografía del Poder (1987) andLa Construcción de la Democracia (2000).
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Enrique Santos Calderón
E.Calderón
A Colombian journalist, he graduated in Philosophy and Liberal Arts from the Universidad de Los Andes de Bogotá in 1967, and majored in Political Science at Munich University in 1969. Today he is director of the Sunday edition of the newspaper El Tiempo. He is also a columnist for the same newspaper, and was honored three times with the National Journalism Award during the 1980s. In 1985 he received the international journalism award Rey de Espana. Along with his colleague Gabriel García Márquez he founded and directed the weekly magazine Alternativa from 1974 to 1980. He published two books (La Guerra por la Paz in 1985 and Fuego Cruzado in 1988) about narcotraffic, guerillas and paramilitarism. He was a member of the Commission for Negotiation and Dialog with guerillas between 1982 and 1986. Currently he is a member of the Journalists’ Circle of Bogotá (of which he was once president) and of the Committee for Solidarity with Political Prisoners and co-director of the newspaper El Tiempo.
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João Roberto Marinho (Brazil)
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J.Marinho
João Roberto Marinho is currently Vice-President of the Administration Council and Editorial Vice-president of the Globo Organizations. He is responsible for the strategic management of the companies, for institutional relations and for the editorial orientation of the group.The Globo Organizations are focused on the media and entertainment and have businesses in the areas of newspapers, network television, subscription TV, Internet, publications, radio stations and film and record production. It is the major Brazilian communication group.João Roberto began his career as a journalist for the newspaper O Globo, where he exercised various functions. In addition, he was General Director of the Roberto Marinho Foundation, a philanthropic institution dedicated to cultural projects and education. He is Vice-President of the National Newspaper Association and the Brazilian Radio and Television Association.
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Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru)
M.Llosa
Mario Vargas Llosa A writer, he was born in Arequipa, Peru, but spent his first six years in Cochabamba, Bolivia and later on in Piura, in Peru. He continued his studies in Lima and entered the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos to study Liberal Arts and Law. He went to Madrid to get his doctorate degree and later on lived in Paris. His book of short stories Los Jefes (1959) won the Leopoldo Alas award, thus initiating a brilliant literary career and distinguishing himself with La Ciudad y Los Perros (1963), a book that won the Biblioteca Breve Award.He has published numerous novels, literary and political essays, as well as plays for the theater. Every two weeks, he writes the column Piedra de Toque for the newspaper El País (Madrid) and his work has been translated into more than thirty languages. He has been honored with numerous honorary doctorate degrees granted by prestigious universities in recognition of his literary work and intellectual integrity. He has received medals and literary awards such as the Prince of Asturias Award (1986), the Cervantes Award (1994) and the Jerusalem Award (1995).
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Moisés Naím (Venezuela)
M.Naim
Moises Naim Moisés Naím, Venezuelan, is the editor-in-chief of the Foreign Policy magazine based in Washington DC, which circulates in 175 countries and is published in 12 languages. After earning his PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Naím was professor and Academic Director of the Institute for Higher Studies in Administration (IESA) in Caracas. At the beginning of the 1990s he was Minister of Trade and Industry of Venezuela and then Executive Director of the World Bank. He worked as a researcher at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and was a consultant for governments, multilateral organizations and private companies. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the National Endowment for Democracy, Population Action International and the Group of 50. His Sunday columns on economy and international politics for the Spanish newspaper El País are syndicated by the major newspapers in Latin America. Naím is also a frequent columnist for the Washington Post, Newsweek, L’Espresso and the Los Angeles Times. His last published book, Ilícito: Como Traficantes, Contrabandistas y piratas están cambiando el mundo, was translated into 18 languages and served as the basis for a film produced by National Geographic/PBS, which has worldwide distribution.
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Patricia Llerena (Argentina)
P.Llerena
Patricia LlerenaPatrícia Llerena is Chamber Judge of the Oral Criminal Tribunal in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. She is currently part of a committee of experts to revise the drug laws in Argentina. She specialized in topics related to money laundering, organized crime, economic offenses, and so on. She worked as assistant manager of the Central Bank of the Republic of Argentina, specifically in the penal area of general management. She was also a technical assistant for the United Nations Global Programme against Money-Laundering.
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Paulo Coelho (Brazil)
P.Coelho
Paulo Coelho Brazilian writer Paulo Coelho was born in Rio de Janeiro. Before dedicating himself entirely to literature, he worked as a director and actor in the theater, a composer and a journalist. He has become one of the most widely read and beloved writers in the world, his sales having reached 100 million copies sold in 67 languages and more than 150 countries. His titles include The Alchemist (1988) and The Witch of Portobello (2006), among others. According to Reuters (October 3, 2003), Paulo Coelho is among the three best known and most successful writers in the world. The writer has received numerous international awards such as the Crystal Award from the World Economic Forum and the Légion d’Honneur from France.
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Sergio Ramírez (Nicaragua)
S.Ramirez
Sergio Ramirez Sergio Ramírez was born in Nicaragua, and since his youth has dedicated himself to literature and public life. He received his law degree in 1964 was twice Secretary General of the Central American University Confederation. He fought against the dictatorship of Anastásio Somoza and, triumphing in 1979, became part of the National Council of Government. Later on he became Vice-President of the country. In 1998 he received the Human Rights Award from the Bruno Kreisky Foundation in Vienna and the Alfaguara. He is a columnist for several newspapers.
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Sonia Picado Sotela (Costa Rica)
S.Picado
Sobia Picado Sonia Picado Sotela is a member of the Human Security Advisory Committee of the UN. She was president of the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights in 2002, president of the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture between 2005 and 2008, Deputy of the Legislative Assembly (1998-2002) and president of the National Party between 1999 and 2001. Between 1988 and 1994 she was Judge of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and soon after Ambassador of Costa Rica in the United States between 1994 and 1998.
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Tomás Eloy Martinez (Argentina)
T.Martinez
Tomas Eloy MartinezTomás Eloy Martínez was born in Tucumán and graduated after studying literature at the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. He continued his studies at the Université Paris VII, to work as a film critic for the newspaper La Nación when he returned to Argentina. In 1961 he published one of his works for the first time, thereby initiating a long literary career. He released works varying from books to theater plays and film scripts until 1975, when he had to be exiled to Venezuela, fleeing from the Argentine military regime. He maintained his professional life, dividing it between literature and journalism until 1984 when he began to lecture at Maryland University in the United States. He pursued his career as a journalist along with his academic projects and in 1995 he was appointed professor at Rutgers University where he directs the Latin American Studies program. Among his works, those that stand out are the series of short stories Lugar Común la Muerte (1979), La Novela de Perón (1985), Santa Evita (1996) and El Vuelo de la Reina (2002), the latter a winner of the Alfaguara Literature Award.
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